What should be monitored closely in a patient with multiple rib fractures?

Monitoring respiratory function and the potential for pneumonia in a patient with multiple rib fractures is vital due to the anatomical and physiological implications of such injuries. Rib fractures can lead to significant pain, which compromises the patient’s ability to take deep breaths or cough effectively. This diminished respiratory function increases the risk of stagnant secretions in the lungs, setting the stage for pulmonary complications, including pneumonia.

Additionally, the pain can result in hypoventilation, which may further cause atelectasis—the collapse of part of the lung. Early detection and intervention for any respiratory issues will help ensure that the patient maintains adequate oxygenation and ventilation, mitigating the risk of complications.

In this scenario, while the other options involve important aspects of patient care, they do not directly address the immediate consequences of rib fractures on respiratory function and the associated risk for pneumonia. Monitoring respiratory status allows healthcare providers to implement appropriate interventions, such as pain management, respiratory therapy, or even mechanical ventilation if necessary, thereby improving overall patient outcomes.