What is a common complication associated with rib fractures?

A common complication associated with rib fractures is pneumonia and atelectasis. When a rib fracture occurs, there is often associated pain that can result in shallow breathing or decreased respiratory effort due to the discomfort involved. This diminished lung expansion can lead to a buildup of secretions in the lungs, which increases the risk of pneumonia. Furthermore, atelectasis, which refers to the collapse of part or all of a lung, can result from inadequate ventilation of lung segments because the patient may avoid deep breaths to alleviate the pain.

In the context of rib fractures, the risk of these pulmonary complications underscores the importance of pain management and respiratory care in patients with such injuries. Incentive spirometry and deep breathing exercises are often recommended to promote effective lung expansion and reduce the risks of developing these complications. This makes the association between rib fractures and pneumonia and atelectasis not only common but a critical consideration in patient care following trauma.